Structural analyses are carried out to calculate the strengths of a physical structure and its components under certain boundary conditions against mechanical loads. Structural strength analyses are the basic analyses necessary to detect stress distribution, deformation, lifetime estimation, and possible damage that may occur under applied loads. In this way, it is also possible to ensure the desired performance of products designed in a computer environment, eliminate potential damage, and reduce the potential physical test costs by conducting optimization studies.

High-energy dynamic events can be exemplified by car accidents, electronic drop tests, bird strikes on turbine blades, application of impact or blast loading to structures, etc. Open dynamic simulation is generally used to estimate potential damage resulting from dynamic events. For example, it can be used to estimate whether a laptop will crack when dropped from a height of 1 meter, or whether a metal piece moving at a speed of 170 meters per second will damage protective glasses.

Cyclic stresses caused by vibration and impact on components are one of the most important factors affecting the lifespan of structures. Free vibration analysis, i.e., unloaded (modal) vibration analysis or forced vibration analysis, is carried out to control the strength of vibrating or exposed parts. Vibration analyses are performed to investigate the dynamic (resonance) behavior and endurance of structures under these loads.

Fatigue is the damage that occurs to structures subjected to repeated loading. Fatigue damage can occur even when the structural stress amplitudes are much lower than the material's static strength. Fatigue is the most common cause of damage to mechanical structures. The state of the material also changes over time under the influence of unstable external loads. The state of a point in a material can be described by various variables such as stress, strain, and energy distribution. The task cycle is defined as the area between the peak of the variable being investigated and the next. In reality, the amplitudes of all cycles are not usually the same. However, for the sake of a cursory examination, we assume that the variables controlling fatigue have the same values at the beginning and end of each loading cycle. Applying a cyclic load to an elastic material produces a cyclic stress response. In such cases, the task cycle can be easily determined.

Multibody dynamics (MBD) is the simulation of forces and moments that occur in rigid/elastic parts connected to each other by joints. Mechanisms such as automobile suspension, aircraft landing gear, and wing flaps can be simulated with MBD. In the MBD method, the elasticity of the parts can be included in the simulation of the mechanism in critical situations.

Thermal analysis is a type of analysis that is performed to observe changes in one or more physical parameters of a material that is subjected to a controlled temperature function. It is important to analyze the effects of heat and temperature changes in buildings for designs to be more efficient. In addition to heat transfer through physical contact, convection, and radiation, the effects of thermal energy from external factors and friction can also be investigated. The effects of thermal analysis results on strength are evaluated.

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is a method that uses numerical analysis to find the behavior of fluids under complex geometries and boundary conditions. Any kind of internal flow, aerodynamic flows, flows in ventilation systems, and fluid-structure interaction (FSI) problems can be solved with CFD.

The main purpose of hydrodynamic analysis is to simulate the motions of floating structures in sea conditions. It also provides the following loads for future structural analysis:

• Inertial loads caused by the acceleration of the floating structure
• Pressure loads on the hull and bulkhead walls of the ship
• Loads on the mooring lines and risers

With the development of technology, traditional manufacturing methods that have been used in industry for centuries have been improved or new methods have been discovered. Additive manufacturing, also known as 3D printing, is one of them. Additive manufacturing has made it possible to manufacture parts that are difficult, costly, and time-consuming to manufacture using other methods. It is widely used in areas where technology is constantly evolving, such as aerospace and automotive. There are 7 different methods that include additive manufacturing processes above, and which methods are used for which materials are specified according to ASTM 52900 standards. Additive manufacturing can be used to produce parts in 3 different ways:

1. Production of spare parts of a part manufactured by traditional method: No change is made to the part design, it is produced with almost the same geometry as the original part, and quick spare part production is carried out instead of long-lasting production by traditional method.
2. Adaptation of a part produced by traditional method for Additive Manufacturing: The main function and working principle of the part do not change, the main design is adhered to, a new design is made for weight reduction and the advantages of the additive manufacturing method are utilized.
3. New design according to additive manufacturing method: The design of the part is redesigned completely to be compatible with additive manufacturing methods, the function is determined according to the advantages of additive manufacturing methods (lightness, fewer parts, ease of assembly, etc.) and it is produced by additive manufacturing method.

Composite materials are made up of a mixture of two or more materials with different mechanical properties. Composites provide structures with both stiffness and strength by combining the mechanical, chemical, and electrical properties of the matrix and reinforcement materials.

1. The matrix material holds the reinforcements together and allows for the transfer of loads. It is typically made from polymer materials such as epoxy or polyester.
2. Reinforcement materials, such as carbon fiber or glass fiber, are embedded in the matrix.

One of the most important properties of composite materials is their resistance to static, fatigue, and shock loads. Composite materials are used in many industries, such as aerospace and automotive, due to their unique properties.